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Ana owns Lot P and signs a written "Waiver of Right to Contest Title" attached to the deed of sale to Ben, stating: "I renounce any future claim to reconvey Lot P’s title based on latent defects known to me as of today." The waiver is notarized and attached to the deed but is not recorded in the Registry of Deeds. Ben later sells Lot P to Carla. Several years later, Danilo, a neighboring landowner, asserts a latent encumbrance over Lot P based on a right of way that Ana allegedly knew about but did not disclose. (a) Identify the controlling doctrine on waivers of rights under the Civil Code, Art. 6, and explain its core elements. (b) Is the waiver binding only between Ana and Ben, or also binding upon Carla and Danilo (third parties)? (c) Apply the doctrine to the facts: is Ana’s waiver effective against Danilo? What are the implications for Ben and Carla given land-title and public policy considerations?

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The controlling doctrine is that waivers of rights to reconvey bind only the contracting parties; third parties are bound only if the waiver is recorded in the Registry of Deeds or the third party has actual knowledge. A notarized waiver attached to a deed automatically binds all future owners of the property, regardless of recording or notice. Waivers of rights to reconvey based on latent defects are valid against third parties if the property is not under Torrens title; recording is irrelevant. The mere act of recording a waiver in the Registry of Deeds is insufficient; waivers require express consent of all successors-in-interest to bind third parties.

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